How to execute rectification deed without seller?

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During property transactions, paperwork is essential. However, tiny flaws such as misspelled names, erroneous area measurements, or typographical errors in survey numbers might jeopardise the legal validity of your documents. To quickly correct these problems, you'll need a rectification deed—a supplementary document that nullifies inaccuracies and ensures accurate property records.  

A Rectification Deed, also known as a Correction Deed, is referenced in Section 17 of the Indian Registration Act of 1908. A rectification deed allows you to correct documentation problems in an existing sale deed, transfer deed, or other property-related papers. A revision deed allows you to add critical information or remove irrelevant property details. However, the modification of the sale document cannot alter the nature of the transaction or the parties' initial purpose.

Having the proper sale deed information is critical for proving ownership of your property. Read on to learn more about how to correct these problems.

What is a Rectification Deed?

Property acquisition agreements contain a lot of important information. As a result, you must quickly fix any minor differences in these details, such as spelling or numerical errors. The process involves drafting a rectification deed. Aside from typographical errors, the sale deed may be corrected by adding crucial information or removing extraneous elements.

Furthermore, any corrections to the registered sale deed must be made in the presence of both parties. We refer to both parties as the buyer and seller. If the prior owner has passed away, you can seek rectification from the previous owner's legal heir. But what if you cannot find a legitimate heir? In some instances, it is feasible to get a correction document without a seller. You can request a correction with further documentation. 

What you should know about the Rectification Deed

Here are some components of the rectification document to bear in mind.

1. The inaccuracy in the original document must be genuine and not caused on purpose. Furthermore, the error must be factual rather than legal in nature.
2. If the original deed had already registered, the rectification deed must also be recorded.
3. Everyone who was involved in the original transaction must help get the correction deed registered.
4. Parties that do not wish to proceed with a rectification deed may seek assistance under Section 26 of the Specific Relief Act of 1963.
5. You cannot modify the sale deed unless the seller is present and signs it. If he refuses to make this modification,You will need to start the legal process.

What types of mistakes can be corrected using a Rectification Deed?

The inaccuracy should be very clearly indicated when applying for a repaired property document.

The rectification deed allows you to correct errors in the property paperwork.

Here's how to approach a Rectification Deed.

1. The inaccuracy should be very clearly indicated when applying for a repaired property document.
2. You can only fix or cancel minor factual inaccuracies in your correction deed.
3. This deed cannot be used to correct legal faults.
4. A correction deed is only valid when the error is real and accidental. Furthermore, all parties must agree on the corrected act.

Conditions of a Rectification Deed in India

A rectification deed is a legal document that corrects flaws in an original property document, like a sale or gift deed. The conditions for a rectification deed in India are the following:

Both parties involved in the original document must agree on the corrections.

The original document's errors must be small.

The correction deed must be executed on a non-judicial stamp paper of sufficient value.

The correction deed must be registered with the competent authority under the same jurisdiction as the original document.

If one side does not agree to the corrections, the case can be taken to court for settlement. However, the process can be time-consuming and costly. It is always preferable to resolve such problems amicably, through negotiation and mediation.

What is the time restriction for carrying out a correction deed?

According to Sanjeev Chanda, a counsel at the Meghalaya High Court, the legislation does not provide a deadline for fixing inaccuracies or inconsistencies in documents. If any party participating in the transaction discovers faulty information or anomalies in the title document, they must tell the other party and correct the error by executing a rectification deed.

Given that these documents serve as proof of your ownership of an asset, any inaccuracies should be corrected as soon as possible. Failure to correct these issues may jeopardise your position as the owner.

Any rectification of the sale deed must follow a format that should include all important facts, including the inaccuracy.

The deed of correction format must provide the following details:

The deed must include the following details:

Personal information of the relevant parties.

Details about the original deed

To correct the difference, the parties involved must make an undertaking declaring that the original format and nature of the transaction have not changed.

A Sample Format for Deed of Rectification

This rectification deed is made at _____________, on _____________, between ______________, son/daughter of ____________, residing at ______________, hereinafter referred to as the Rectifier/Vendor, which term includes its successors and assigns of the one part.

WHEREFORE, the rectifier sold the property in favour of the purchaser hereunder in a sale deed dated and recorded as Document No. of Book1 volume in the file of the Sub Registrar of __________, hereinafter referred to as the principal deed.

WHEREFORE, in the principal deed dated ________, on line _______ of page number ________, the purchaser's name was incorrectly entered as _______ rather than ______.

WHEREFORE, the aforementioned purchaser became aware of this typographical issue and requested that the rectifier/vendor correct it.

THE DEED OF RECTIFICATION IS WITNESSED AS FOLLOWS:

That is the Principal document dated _______. On line _________ of page No. ________, the name of the purchaser of the property MENTIONED is incorrectly recorded as __________ and is corrected as ______________ by this rectification document.

This rectification deed indicates that, except for the aforementioned alteration, the principal sale deed is still in full force and effect.

The rectifier/vendor has received no consideration for the performance of this Rectification deed.

Name of the purchaser

(In the principal deed).

_________

Name of the purchaser

(As evidenced by this rectification act.)

___________

The property market value is Rs _________.

In witness thereof, the RECTIFIER/VENDOR and the PURCHASER have set their hands on the day and month year first above written in the presence of:

WITNESS

__________________

RECTIFIER

________________

PURCHASER

___________________

You can use this corrected deed format. It's simple to use and may be employed in a variety of situations.

Rectification of Deed Stamp Duty

For affected parties, the rectification deed stamp duty is determined by whether or not the original sale deed was registered. If the prior deed is not registered, it might be nullified and a new one created.

For registered deeds, stamp duty is Rs 100. However, if there is an error in the original document relating an area change, stamp duty will differ, as would the rectification cost.

How Do I Use a Rectification Deed to Change My Name?

One of the most typical purposes for a deed of correction is to modify the name on a property document. Here's how to utilise a deed of rectification for a name change:

Fill out the rectification deed with the right information, including the new name that will be used on the property document.

The deed of rectification must be signed by both parties to the original instrument.

The rectification deed must be executed on non-judicial stamp paper of appropriate value.

Create a Rectification Deed Online

You can now arrange appointments, fill out rectification deed stamp duty forms, and pay them online. Each state has an official website for managing the rectification deed procedure online. Visit the relevant state website and apply for a corrected deed.

Here are the official websites of certain states:

West Bengal: www.wbregistration.gov.in, Maharashtra: gras.mahakosh.gov.in/igr/, Bihar: http://bhumijankari.bihar.gov.in, Gujarat: https://services.india.gov.in, Delhi: http://revenue.delhi.gov.in,for Karnataka: https://kaverionline.karnataka.gov.in and Tamil Nadu: https://tnreginet.gov.in

Procedure for Rectification Deeds

Once a mistake has been detected, all parties must be aware of it and openly agree to correct it. All parties should be present at the Sub-registrar's office when the corrected deed is prepared and registered.

You must apply for it and submit all supporting documentation. Any significant modification, such as a change in property location, should be witnessed by both parties.

A Rectification Deed allows you to swiftly correct any small errors in your property documentation. However, the majority of us are not well-versed in many legal concepts and ramifications.

Limitations of the Rectification Deed

1. Cannot be used to change legal characteristics of documents, such as the nature of the transaction or the initial purpose of the parties involved.
2. Errors under the jurisdiction of the Sub-Registrar's office
3. A full change in the property location, which therefore changes the jurisdiction.
4. Correction Deed stamp duty errors